56 research outputs found
Exploiting the WH/ZH symmetry in the search for New Physics
We suggest to isolate the loop-induced gluon-initiated component ()
for associated production by using the similarity of the Drell-Yan-like
component for production to the process. We argue that the
cross-section ratio of the latter two processes can be predicted with high
theoretical accuracy. Comparing it to the experimental cross-section
ratio should allow to probe for New Physics in the component at the
HL-LHC. We consider typical BSM scenarios in order to exemplify the effect they
would have on the proposed observable.Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures. v2: Minor changes; matches published versio
The light CP-even MSSM Higgs mass resummed to fourth logarithmic order
We present the calculation of the light neutral CP-even Higgs mass in the
MSSM for a heavy SUSY spectrum by resumming enhanced terms through fourth
logarithmic order (NLL), keeping terms of leading order in the top Yukawa
coupling , and NNLO in the strong coupling . To this goal,
the three-loop matching coefficient for the quartic Higgs coupling of the SM to
the MSSM is derived to order by comparing the
perturbative EFT to the fixed-order expression for the Higgs mass. The new
matching coefficient is made available through an updated version of the
program Himalaya. Numerical effects of the higher-order resummation are studied
using specific examples, and sources of theoretical uncertainty on this result
are discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figures, matches version published in EPJ
Improved red color with cholesteric liquid crystals in Bragg reflection mode
The helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) can be adjusted to reflect the colors red, green, and blue. Additive mixing of these colors in displays results in multicolor images and it is easy to use pure primary blue and green colors, but the red color is in general very unsaturated. We show by simulations that this poor red color performance is due to reflection sidebands on the smaller wavelength side of the normal red Bragg reflection band. We discuss five approaches to improve the red color performance, namely, two types of spectral filtering (dyes or filters), a very low birefringence CLC, a gradient in the birefringence of the CLC, and the use of a bluish reflector. The two methods of spectral filtering are also experimentally tested. © 2002 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers
Transcriptome profiling of ontogeny in the acridid grasshopper Chorthippus biguttulus
Acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) are widely used model organisms
for developmental, evolutionary, and neurobiological research. Although there
has been recent influx of orthopteran transcriptomic resources, many use
pooled ontogenetic stages obscuring information about changes in gene
expression during development. Here we developed a de novo transcriptome
spanning 7 stages in the life cycle of the acridid grasshopper Chorthippus
biguttulus. Samples from different stages encompassing embryonic development
through adults were used for transcriptomic profiling, revealing patterns of
differential gene expression that highlight processes in the different life
stages. These patterns were validated with semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Embryonic
development showed a strongly differentiated expression pattern compared to
all of the other stages and genes upregulated in this stage were involved in
signaling, cellular differentiation, and organ development. Our study is one
of the first to examine gene expression during post-embryonic development in a
hemimetabolous insect and we found that only the fourth and fifth instars had
clusters of genes upregulated during these stages. These genes are involved in
various processes ranging from synthesis of biogenic amines to chitin binding.
These observations indicate that post-embryonic ontogeny is not a continuous
process and that some instars are differentiated. Finally, genes upregulated
in the imago were generally involved in aging and immunity. Our study
highlights the importance of looking at ontogeny as a whole and indicates
promising directions for future research in orthopteran development
Cold adaptation drives population genomic divergence in the ecological specialist, Drosophila montana
Funding: UK Natural Environment Research Council (Grant Number(s): NE/L501852/1, NE/P000592/1); Academy of Finland (GrantNumber(s): 267244, 268214, 322980), Ella ja Georg Ehrnroothin Säätiö.Detecting signatures of ecological adaptation in comparative genomics is challenging, but analysing population samples with characterised geographic distributions, such as clinal variation, can help identify genes showing covariation with important ecological variation. Here, we analysed patterns of geographic variation in the cold-adapted species Drosophila montana across phenotypes, genotypes and environmental conditions and tested for signatures of cold adaptation in population genomic divergence. We first derived the climatic variables associated with the geographic distribution of 24 populations across two continents to trace the scale of environmental variation experienced by the species, and measured variation in the cold tolerance of the flies of six populations from different geographic contexts. We then performed pooled whole genome sequencing of these six populations, and used Bayesian methods to identify SNPs where genetic differentiation is associated with both climatic variables and the population phenotypic measurements, while controlling for effects of demography and population structure. The top candidate SNPs were enriched on the X and fourth chromosomes, and they also lay near genes implicated in other studies of cold tolerance and population divergence in this species and its close relatives. We conclude that ecological adaptation has contributed to the divergence of D. montana populations throughout the genome and in particular on the X and fourth chromosomes, which also showed highest interpopulation FST. This study demonstrates that ecological selection can drive genomic divergence at different scales, from candidate genes to chromosome-wide effects.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Higgs-mass predictions in the MSSM and beyond
Predictions for the Higgs masses are a distinctive feature of supersymmetric
extensions of the Standard Model, where they play a crucial role in
constraining the parameter space. The discovery of a Higgs boson and the
remarkably precise measurement of its mass at the LHC have spurred new efforts
aimed at improving the accuracy of the theoretical predictions for the Higgs
masses in supersymmetric models. The "Precision SUSY Higgs Mass Calculation
Initiative" (KUTS) was launched in 2014 to provide a forum for discussions
between the different groups involved in these efforts. This report aims to
present a comprehensive overview of the current status of Higgs-mass
calculations in supersymmetric models, to document the many advances that were
achieved in recent years and were discussed during the KUTS meetings, and to
outline the prospects for future improvements in these calculations
Inter- and intra-specific genomic divergence in Drosophila montana shows evidence for cold adaptation
The genomes of species that are ecological specialists will likely contain signatures of genomic adaptation to their niche. However, distinguishing genes related to ecological specialism from other sources of selection and more random changes is a challenge. Here we describe the genome of Drosophila montana, which is the most extremely cold-adapted Drosophila species. We use branch tests to identify genes showing accelerated divergence in contrasts between cold- and warm adapted species and identify about 250 genes that show differences, possibly driven by a lower synonymous substitution rate in cold-adapted species. We look for evidence of accelerated divergence between D. montana and D. virilis, a previously sequenced relative, and do not find strong evidence for divergent selection on coding sequence variation. Divergent genes are involved in a variety of functions, including cuticular and olfactory processes. We also re-sequenced three populations of D. montana from its ecological and geographic range. Outlier loci were more likely to be found on the X chromosome and there was a greater than expected overlap between population outliers and those genes implicated in cold adaptation between Drosophila species, implying some continuity of selective process at these different evolutionary scales
Reconstructing rational functions with FireFly
We present the open-source C++ library FireFly for the reconstruction of multivariate rational functions over finite fields. We discuss the involved algorithms and their implementation. As an application, we use FireFly in the context of integration-by-parts reductions and compare runtime and memory consumption to a fully algebraic approach with the program Kira
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